The Sequencer Centralization Question

Most major rollups run centralized sequencers. Single operators controlling transaction ordering. The decentralization roadmaps all say eventually but eventually keeps sliding.

The arguments for centralization now are practical. Faster iteration, simpler operations, better UX during growth phase. Decentralize later when the system is mature. It's not unreasonable.

The counterarguments are principled. Centralized sequencers can censor. They can extract MEV preferentially. They're single points of failure. The trust assumptions undermine the point of blockchain.

The technical solutions exist. Shared sequencers, based sequencing, decentralized sequencer sets. Each has tradeoffs but none are impossible. The barrier is more organizational than technical.

The sequencer revenue numbers are telling. Millions in fees flowing to single entities. The incentive to stay centralized is strong. Decentralization means sharing that revenue.

Forced inclusion mechanisms help somewhat. Users can bypass sequencers through L1. But the UX is worse and slower. It's an escape hatch, not a solution. Real decentralization requires the happy path to be decentralized.